What is platelet-rich plasma (PRP)?

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a concentrated form of plasma extracted from a person's own blood. It contains a higher percentage of platelets than what is typically found in the blood, hence its name. Platelets are tiny cells in our blood that play a crucial role in healing and tissue regeneration. They are responsible for clotting when we get cuts or wounds and are filled with growth factors that help repair damaged tissues and stimulate new cell growth.

To create platelet-rich plasma, a small sample of the patient's blood is drawn—typically from the arm, just like a regular blood test. This blood is then placed in a centrifuge, a machine that spins at a high speed, separating the blood components based on their density. The process isolates the platelets and plasma from other components, creating a concentrated solution of platelets within the plasma.

Once prepared, this Platelet-Rich Plasma can be reintroduced into specific areas of the body needing treatment. As it is derived from the patient's own blood, the risk of allergic reaction or rejection is minimal.

In the context of hair loss treatment, PRP is injected into the scalp to stimulate inactive or newly implanted hair follicles into an active growth phase, encouraging the growth of new hair. This natural, non-surgical approach takes advantage of the body's own healing mechanisms, providing a promising solution to those experiencing hair loss.

Uses and effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma therapy

PRP therapy is not only versatile but also a promising treatment option across various fields of medicine due to its potential to stimulate the body's natural healing process. A few of the many applications of platelet-rich plasma include:

Hair loss treatment

When PRP is injected into the scalp, the platelets and their associated growth factors work to stimulate the activity of hair follicles, encouraging new hair growth. They can potentially rejuvenate miniaturising hair follicles, typical in androgenic alopecia, which is a common form of hair loss in both men and women.

Studies suggest that PRP therapy can increase hair count, hair thickness, and the growth phase of the hair cycle, making it an effective treatment option for those struggling with hair loss. PRP can also be used in conjunction with other hair loss treatments and hair transplantation to potentially enhance the success of these procedures.

Other medical and cosmetic applications

Aside from its use in treating hair loss, PRP therapy has also found significant application in other fields:

• Orthopedics — PRP therapy has been utilised in treating various musculoskeletal injuries, including tendinitis, osteoarthritis, and ligament sprains or tears. It is believed to promote healing and speed up recovery time.
• Cosmetic Surgery — In aesthetics, PRP is used in treatments known as "Vampire Facials," where PRP is applied to the skin (combined with micro-needling) to promote the regeneration of cells, leading to rejuvenated, younger-looking skin.
• Dentistry — In dental procedures, especially implant surgery and bone grafting, PRP is used to promote faster healing and bone regeneration.
• Wound Healing — PRP therapy can enhance wound healing, making it particularly useful in treating chronic non-healing wounds.

While PRP is an exciting and promising therapy, it's important to note that results can vary depending on individual factors, such as the overall health of the patient, the area being treated, and the specific condition. It is always recommended to consult with experienced healthcare professionals to understand if PRP therapy could be a viable solution for your specific needs.

The PRP treatment process

Embarking on any new treatment journey often comes with a blend of anticipation and uncertainty. Understanding the treatment process can help ease some of that uncertainty. 

1. Initial Consultation

The first step in the PRP therapy process is a consultation with one of our experienced healthcare professionals. During this meeting, you'll discuss your medical history, your specific condition, and your treatment goals. You may also require an examination as necessary and discuss if PRP therapy is the best course of action for you.

2. Blood Drawsubject

If you're deemed a good candidate for PRP therapy, you'll be scheduled for a treatment session. On the day of the treatment, a small amount of your blood is drawn, typically from the arm, using a process similar to having a standard blood test.

3. Preparation of PRP

The drawn blood is then processed in a centrifuge, which spins the blood at high speed to separate its components based on their densities. This process typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes. The result is a concentration of platelets in plasma, otherwise known as PRP.

4. Administration of PRP

Once the PRP is ready, it is then injected into the targeted areas of your body. In the case of hair loss treatment, the PRP is injected into areas of the scalp where hair growth is desired. A local anaesthetic is usually applied to the scalp to minimise any discomfort during the procedure.

5. Post-Treatment Care

After the treatment, you may experience some tenderness or swelling in the treated areas, which typically subsides within a few days. You can usually resume normal activities immediately after treatment, but you’ll receive specific post-care instructions based on your individual needs.

6. Follow-up Treatments

The number of PRP treatments needed varies depending on the specific condition being treated and the individual's response to therapy. For hair loss, patients typically see improvements after three to four monthly sessions. Your progress will be monitored, and your treatment plan may be adjusted as necessary.

Risks and potential side effects of PRP therapy

Like any medical treatment, PRP therapy can potentially have risks and side effects, although they are generally minimal due to the body's natural acceptance of its own biological material. However, it's essential to be well-informed before proceeding with the therapy. Here's what you need to know:

Risks

The main risks associated with PRP therapy are those linked to the injection itself rather than the PRP. These could include:

• Infection — As with any injection, there is a small risk of infection.
• Damage to Blood Vessels or Nerves — Though rare, this is a potential risk with any injection-based treatment.

Possible side effects

PRP therapy is generally well-tolerated by most patients, but some may experience the following side effects:

• Pain at the Injection Site — This is a common side effect that typically subsides within a few days.
• Swelling or Redness — Some patients may experience minor swelling or redness at the injection site, which usually resolves itself within a couple of days.
• Mild Bruising — This may occur in some individuals, particularly those prone to bruising.

What are the alternatives to PRP?

While there may be many applications for PRP, studies into the effects of platelet-rich plasma injections for hair loss are inconclusive. Most research into the effects of PRP is conducted with small study groups. Some people show positive results, while others fail to see an improvement.

Hair transplants offer an alternative to PRP therapy that provides permanent results. Both follicular unit extraction (FUE) and follicular unit transfer (FUT) hair transplant procedures provide exceptional results and are low-maintenance solutions that don’t require frequent return visits to a clinic.

Get in touch today for a free, no-obligation online consultation with one of our clinic specialists today.